The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has published a monograph that evaluates the carcinogenic hazard to humans of radiation, including solar and ultraviolet radiation, gamma radiation and x-rays, neutron radiation, and internalized radionuclides that emit alpha or beta particles.

The Working Group classified all types of ionizing radiation as carcinogenic (Group 1). This included reaffirming the Group 1 status of alpha and beta particle emitters, neutron radiation, gamma radiation, and X-rays.

Solar radiation was reaffirmed as being carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), based on a causal association between solar radiation and all major types of skin cancer. Ultraviolet radiation was also classified as a Group 1 carcinogen, and the use of UV-emitting tanning devices was raised to Group 1.

IARC Monographs 100D: Radiation